More than 700 ladder injuries happen each day, and more than 100 people die from ladder-related injuries each year. March is National Ladder Safety Month. This special emphasis is intended to raise awareness of ladder safety and to decrease the number of ladder-related injuries and fatalities. So far this month we discussed ladder safety basics, rules for safely climbing ladders, and some specific safety guidance for extension ladders. In this Safety Talk, we will address stepladders.
Stepladders require level ground support for all four of its side rails. If this work site condition does not exist, a stepladder should not be selected for the job.
A stepladder must not be used unless its base is spread fully open and the spreaders locked. Stepladders are not to be used as single ladders or in a partially open position.
To prevent tipping the ladder over sideways due to over-reaching, the user must climb or work with the body near the middle of the steps. The ladder should be set-up close to the work. Never attempt to move the ladder without first descending, relocating the ladder, and then re-climbing. Do not attempt to mount the ladder from the side or step from one ladder to another unless the ladder is secured against sideways motion.
To avoid losing your balance and falling off the stepladder, the user must not step or stand higher than the step indicated on the label marking the highest standing level. The user must also not step or stand on the top cap or bucket/pail shelf.
The braces on the rear of a stepladder are not intended for climbing or standing and must not be used for that purpose. Note, however, that special stepladders are available with steps on both the front and rear and are intended for two users at the same time.
The anti-slip feet at the bottom of the stepladder side rails must be present and in good condition prior to using the ladder. The ladder must not be used on ice, snow or slippery surfaces unless suitable means to prevent slipping is employed.
A stepladder must never be placed upon other objects such as boxes, barrels, scaffolds, or other unstable bases to obtain additional height.
A thorough inspection must be made each time it is placed into service. Clean the climbing and gripping surfaces if they have been subjected to oil, grease or slippery materials. Working parts, bolts, rivets, step-to-side rail connections, and the condition of the anti-slip feet (safety shoes) shall be checked. If structural damage, missing parts, or any other hazardous defect is found, the ladder must not be placed into service and either discarded or competently repaired.
Ladders with bent or broken side rails must be destroyed. In the event a ladder is discarded, it must be destroyed in such a manner as to render it useless. Another person must not be afforded the opportunity to use a ladder that has been deemed unsafe.