More than 700 ladder injuries happen each day, and more than 100 people die from ladder-related injuries each year. March is National Ladder Safety Month. This special emphasis is intended to raise awareness of ladder safety and to decrease the number of ladder-related injuries and fatalities. So far this month we discussed ladder safety basics and rules for safely climbing ladders. In this Safety Talk we will address extension ladders specifically.
Unlike a stepladder that requires level support for all 4 of its side rails, an extension ladder requires only 2 level ground support points in addition to a top support. Ladder levelers may be used to achieve equal rail support on uneven surfaces. The top support also allows the opportunity to secure (tie off) the top of the ladder to increase stability.
To prevent tipping the ladder sideways due to over-reaching, the user must climb or work with their body near the middle of the rungs. Never attempt to move the ladder without first descending, relocating the ladder, and then re-climbing. Do not attempt to mount the ladder from the side or step from one ladder to another.
To avoid losing your balance and falling off an extension ladder, the user must not step or stand higher than the step indicated on the label marking the highest standing level.
Extension ladders should be erected as close to a pitch of 75 degrees from the horizontal as possible for optimum resistance against the bottom of the ladder sliding out, strength of the ladder, and balance of the climber. A simple rule for setting-up the ladder at the proper angle is to place the base a distance from the wall or upper support equal to 1/4 of the extended length of the ladder side rails.
When ascending or descending the ladder, always face the ladder and maintain a firm handhold. Do not attempt to carry other objects in your hand(s) while climbing.
The anti-slip feet at the bottom of the extension ladder side rails must be present and in good condition before using the ladder. The ladder must not be used on ice, snow, or slippery surfaces unless there is a suitable means to prevent slipping.
An extension ladder must never be placed upon other objects such as boxes, barrels, scaffolds, or other unstable bases to obtain additional height.
The user must avoid setting up an extension ladder upside-down. That is, with the fly section at the bottom and the base section at the top with the rung locks engaged.
The top of an extension ladder must be placed with the two side rails equally supported.
Extension ladders or the ladder sections must not be tied or fastened together to provide a longer length unless specifically designed for the fastening means is employed.